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 |   sacbrooda honeybee disease caused by a virus; sacbrood kills larval brood, often forming liquid-filled sacs around the dead larvae |
 A lone scout bee finds a source of pollen and nectar |  scout bees  See itworker bees that scout (search) for a new source of pollen, nectar, propolis or water; if a hive is preparing to swarm, scout bees search for a suitable location for a new home for the colony. |
 The capped cells contain sealed brood | sealed brood See it pupal brood in cells that have been capped; brood cells are capped only when the brood is at the beginning of the pupal stage of metamorphosis. The pupae mature inside the capped brood cells, emerging as an adult. See also: capped brood |
 Grape vines are mostly self-pollinating |  self-pollination See itthe fertilization of a plant that does not rely on insects for its pollination, involving either the direct transfer of pollen from the anther of the plant to its stigma, or the transfer of pollen by the wind |
 Modern Langstroth- compatible frames are self-spacing | self-spacing frames See it frames constructed so that they are a bee space apart when pushed together in a hive body |
| SHB  See itsmall hive beetle |
 An old-style straw bee skep | skep See it a beehive weaved out of straw; lacks movable frames; skeps are no longer legal to use in beekeeping, as harvesting the honey from these straw hives destroys the honeybee colony in the process. |
 Slatted Brood Rack for additional ventilation and wind control | slatted rack See it See brood rack |
| slumgum the material remaining after wax comb and cell cappings have been melted down and the wax removed for processing into candles and other beeswax products |
 Small Hive Beetle running along the outside of a brood box | small hive beetle (SHB) See it aethina tumida - a small beetle (about 1/3 the size of a honeybee), which is dark red, brown, or black, and is covered with fine hair; the beetle can ruin uncapped honey by defecating in the cells, and both the SHB adult and larvae eat honey and pollen, leaving a rancid trail of feces along the way. Burrowing through the comb, the beetle larvae also kill bee larvae in the process. A heavy SHB infestation can destroy even a strong colony or cause it to abscond. |
 Stainless Steel Beehive Smoker | smoker See it a handheld can with a bellows and a hinged funnel top, used to blow smoke into a hive during hive inspection; the smoke calms the bees so the beekeeper can manage the hive. The smoker is typically lit with paper, sticks or leaves, and is filled with fuel such as burlap, wood shavings, cotton fiber, or other cool-burning material. |
| SMR acronym meaning "Suppressed Mite Reproduction", a genetic trait that produces Varroa-mite resistance |
| solar wax extractor an insulated wooden box covered with glass; uses solar heat to melt beeswax from honeycombs and cell cappings after the frames of honeycomb are removed from the hive and the honey is extracted |
| spermatheca a special organ of the queen in which the sperm of the drone is stored |
| spur embedder a device used for mechanically embedding wires into foundation by employing hand pressure |
 Stamen of a morning glory flower | stamen See it the male reproductive organ of a flowering plant, containing the anther, which produces pollen; each flower typically contains six stamens, each having an anther attached by a filament. |
 Stigma of a morning glory flower | stigma See it the female reproductive organ of a flowering plant, containing the ovary, which is a housing for the seeds; when a pollen grain comes into contact with the stigma, as when the flower is pollinated by a honeybee, the pollen grain germinates, growing down into the stigma until it contacts a seed in the ovary, completing the seed's fertilization. The pollen grains are produced by the anther. |
 Honeybee stinger, which injects bee venom | sting See it the sharp, barbed probe in the rearmost tip of a honeybee's abdomen which delivers bee venom when the bee stings; used primarily in defense of the bee's colony; also called the "stinger" See also: bee venom, Protective Clothing, How a Bee Suit and Gloves Work |
| streptococcus pluton bacterium that causes european foulbrood |
 Table sugar is primarily made of sucrose | sucrose See it the primary sugar in nectar; also the primary ingredient of common granulated sugar. Sucrose comprises a small percentage of the carbohydrates (sugars) in honey. See also: fructose, dextrose, sugar syrup |
 A gallon of sugar syrup ready to feed to bees | sugar syrup See it sugar/water solution, used to feed bees during a period of nectar dearth, to encourage comb production in a new hive or during requeening, or as a medium for administration of medication. Syrup is typically made from sucrose for small-quantity, backyard beekeeping applications. Many commercial beekeepers use large volumes of high-fructose corn syrup. See also: fructose, dextrose, Sugar Syrup |
 Medium (6-5/8" high) honey super with frames | super See it any hive body used for the storage of surplus honey. Normally it is placed over or above the brood chamber. |
 A new queen that superseded a weak queen | supersedure See it the replacement of an established queen by a new queen in the same colony. After the new virgin queen mates and begins to lay eggs, she kills the old queen or the old queen leaves the colony. Causes for supersedure include: 1) the queen is a weak egg-layer and/or produces low pheromone levels, because of age, genetic defects, disease (such as nosema), poor development as a larva from lack of proper nourishment, or mites (varroa, tracheal); 2) the queen is injured by poor beekeeper handling or being balled (smothered by a large mass of worker bees) when introduced into a colony; 3) no new workers emerge for 21 days following introduction of a package in a new hive, prompting the existing workers to form queen cells to replace the weak queen. Supersedure rarely results in swarming. If a colony is superseding a queen, they will construct several queen cells on one or more brood frames, in the middle or near the top of the frame. If a colony is preparing to swarm, it will build many more queen cells, called swarm cells, nearer to the bottom of the frames. |
 Beautiful honey cells | surplus honey See it honey that is more than what is needed by honeybees for their own use within the hive; honey supers contain surplus honey, which can be removed and extracted |
 Swarm on a tree trunk | swarm See it a large percentage of the honeybees in a colony (half or more) that have left their hive with the old queen and departed to form a new colony. See also: dividing, Honeybee Swarms, requeening, supersedure |
 Swarm on a branch | swarming the natural method a honey bee colony uses to start a new colony; colonies swarm for several reasons, including overheating, lack of food or water supply, stress caused by disease, a non-laying or missing queen, or overcrowding. See also: Honeybee Swarms |
 Swarm cells | swarm cell  See itqueen cells usually found on the bottom of the combs before swarming See also: queen cell |
| syrup See it sugar syrup |
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