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Capped brood cells
on a frame
Click to go to next pageClick to go to previous pagecapped brood    See it
honeybee pupae in brood cells which have been capped (sealed); adult worker bees cap the cells with a semi-permeable wax membrane so pupae can mature into adult bees during their final stage of development; alternate: sealed brood

See also: bee metamorphosis, Queen and her brood

 Don't click here!capping melter
an electrically-heated melter that melts the beeswax from the cell cappings as they are removed from honeycombs during extraction
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Light-colored wax
cappings on honey cells 
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1) the thin layer of beeswax covering comb cells that contain honey or brood; 2) the wax cell coverings after they are sliced from the surface of the honeycomb during extraction
Don't click here!castes
the various types of adult bees within a honeybee colony, identified primarily by their jobs: worker bees, nurse bees, field bees, scout bees, guard bees, drones, and the queen
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Empty honey cells 
cell    See it
the small, hexagonal compartments in a honey comb; the comb is made up of thousands of six-sided (hexagonal) wax cells built together in neat, adjoining rows

See also: beeswax, comb

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Cell bar with queen cups 
cell bar    See it
a wooden or metal strip on which queen cups (cell cups) are placed for rearing queen bees
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Cell cup (queen cup) 
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base of an artificial queen cell, made of beeswax or plastic and used for rearing queen bees; cell cups are mounted on a cell bar; also known as a queen cup
CheckMite+    See it
coumaphos insecticide

See also: Honeybee Medications, Using CheckMite+ to Control the Small Hive Beetle (SHB)

Don't click here!chilled brood
immature honeybees (brood) that have died from exposure to cold, normally in late winter or early spring; usually caused by poor apiary management
Don't click here!chunk honey
See cut-comb honey
Don't click here!clarifying
the process of filtering and cleaning to remove foreign material from honey or beeswax
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Bees taking cleansing
flights 
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honeybees flying out of the hive in large numbers following long periods of being cooped up inside the hive, such as after a prolonged period of bad weather.  Bees avoid defecating in the hive while restricted inside, waiting until the weather clears to fly outside and relieve themselves.  However, if you observe a cloud of hundreds of bees around the hive entrance when the weather has been good, they are most likely engaging in exploratory flights.

See also: exploratory flight, swarming

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Worker bees clustering
(festooning) along the
bottom of a brood frame 
cluster    See it
a group of bees hanging onto each other in a cluster; this behavior is also called "festooning"
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A bee colony working
within the hive 
colony    See it
the entire collection of the different castes of adult honeybees and their brood, living together in a hive

See also: castes

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Capped brood and
egg cells
comb    See it
a sheet of hexagonal (six-sided) adjoining beeswax cells, manufactured by honeybees to store honey, pollen and brood.  In a beehive, the beeswax honeycomb is built on comb foundation, which is mounted within wooden frames.  The queen lays eggs in the brood cells of the beeswax, and the eggs mature into larvae, then pupae, and finally emerge as adult bees.  Honeybees build their comb (or honeycomb) in two layers, with the cells in each layer pointing in opposite directions, and the layers joined at the base of the cells.

See also: beeswax, honey, frame, pollen

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Plastic comb foundation
coated with beeswax
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a thin sheet either of plastic or beeswax, with the cell bases of worker cells embossed on both sides in the way as they are produced naturally by honeybees.  Foundation is placed within a wooden frame before installing in the hive.  If the foundation is plastic, it is normally sprayed with beeswax, as shown here, to induce the bees to build out the comb on the embossed cells.

See also: Starter Hive, beeswax, cell, frame

Don't click here!comb honey
honey sold exclusively in the comb, without being immersed in extracted honey; comb honey is produced in either  wooden sections or circular plastic frames, which are lifted out of the frame and immediately packaged for sale.

See also: cut-comb honey

coumaphos    See it
insecticide useful for treatment of small hive beetles and varroa mites

See also: Apistan, Using CheckMite+ to Control the Small Hive Beetle (SHB)

Don't click here!creamed honey
honey which has been creamed through a controlled crystallization process, to produce a thick, creamy texture and appearance; also called "cremed honey".  The crystallization process is controlled to guarantee uniformity of the crystallization, so that the honey can be spread like butter.  Beekeepers produce and sell creamed honey very profitably, as it is a favorite with many as a delightful breakfast spread and general confection.  Creamed honey is preferred in some parts of the world over extracted honey.

See also: crystallization

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Old frame with crimp-
wired foundation
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comb foundation that is reinforced with crimped wires during manufacture and overlaid with beeswax; not as rigid as plastic foundation but, unlike plastic, if it is used in honey supers, it can be cut apart during honey harvesting and the squares of honeycomb used for chunk honey or cut-comb honey.  Crimp-wired foundation is not as suitable as plastic foundation for use in deep brood frames, as its all-wax consistency tends to fall apart over time, as shown here.  Plastic foundation is also superior for use in honey supers if you plan to extract the honey.
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A honeybee naturally
performing cross-
pollination

cross-pollination   See it
pollination by the transfer of pollen from an anther of one plant to the stigma of another plant of the same species

Don't click here!crystallization
the formation of sugar crystals in honey, often done intentionally through a controlled process used in making creamed honey.  Crystallization will also occur naturally as stored honey gradually loses some of its water content.  Honey that has become crystallized is still fresh and delicious.  If you don't like the crystals, just heat it up in hot water or in the microwave, and the crystals will disappear.
Don't click here!cut-comb honey
also known as "chunk honey", cut-comb honey is cut from the honeycomb frames, immersed in liquid honey and bottled.  Cut-comb honey is prepared by cutting the sections out of wax honeycomb formed on crimp-wired, pure beeswax foundation and immersing it in extracted honey.

See also: chunk honey

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